Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871 in Cisco

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 18 Mar 2006 09:35:28 EDT

said by michaelr7 :

For me it never failed to work. I loaded the latest 12.4T image onto the 871and 877 as soon as they arrive. They have always worked with dyndns.org. I keep my configs in a cvs repository and so I always load them via tftp. It also works on the 1841 and 2811.

Who knows. 12.4(4)T never worked for me. This was the advanced ip services IOS image.

Cisco gave me a test release at the end of January. I tested and confirmed that it works OK.

Here is a message that I received from the Cisco Rep:

The bug which I filed (CSCsc98908) was duplicated to another obscure bug (CSCeh08545) which resolves the problem you were seeing (that is the bug fix the DE put into the special image you are running). So, the bug which resolves the problem (CSCeh08545) is integrated in the image you were given to test with. That same bug will be in 12.4(5.13)T4 and later IOS releases. There is no publicly available image on CCO yet that has the bug fix which you need. My suggestion is to wait about 2 months and then if you want to, download the latest 12.4T IOS (later than 12.4(5.13)T4.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 18 Mar 2006 03:17:22 EDT

michaelr7 :

quote:
There were problems with the CLI interpreting the ? as a help command. But if you loaded the config via TFTP the problems were still there.

For me it never failed to work. I loaded the latest 12.4T image onto the 871and 877 as soon as they arrive. They have always worked with dyndns.org. I keep my configs in a cvs repository and so I always load them via tftp. It also works on the 1841 and 2811.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 17 Mar 2006 13:43:57 EDT

mthoward :

said by twojciac :

CSCeg41935 has been resolved and will be integrated into 12.4(6)T2, 12.4(6)3. Looks like end of Feb is a target for the 12.4(7) mainline code integration.

I do not think that this was the problem.

There were problems with the CLI interpreting the ? as a help command. But if you loaded the config via TFTP the problems were still there.

This feature fundamentally never worked on the 871.

It is clear to me that it was never tested.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 17 Mar 2006 13:11:07 EDT

mthoward : Cisco has given me a prerelease test IOS that fixes this bug with DynDNS update on a Cisco 871.

My testing indicates that it works OK.

They have not told me when it will be 'officially' released.

Although, frankly after months of sending configs & ethereal dumps to Cisco I have lost interest. I had to come up with another solution, so the 871 is sitting unused on my rack ... updating a test DynDNS entry occassionally :-)

Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 04 Mar 2006 18:01:37 EDT

was1 : Thanks TROLL131313, that clears it. I was doing double NAT. Any idea ip ddns works with 12.3(10) IOS ? I cant upgrade to 12.4 beacuse ive only got 24 MB of flash.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 04 Mar 2006 13:51:52 EDT

TROLL131313 : Your DSL modem should be on Ethernet 4. Also, you should set your westell 6100 to bridge mode (IP Pass through) or you will be doing a double Nat set up.

To do this, you will have to shut off DHCP and set the VPI/VCI settings in the modem to bridged. Then you will have to set up Eth 4 (WAN Port) with a PPoE dialler instead of DHCP.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 04 Mar 2006 12:10:38 EDT

was1 : I am also going to give a try to setup Dynamic DNS on 871. I have a question abot the equipment setup.
Guys is your DSL modems connected to the WAN port on the router ? or to the any of the fast ethernet 0-3 ports ?

I have a westell 6100 and wonderng what should be the interface under i should configure Dynamic DNS.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 03 Mar 2006 23:42:59 EDT

immy : Well 12.4(6)T is out and dyndns isnt working on my 877.

Has anyone got a working config?

:(

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 25 Jan 2006 15:50:19 EDT

tdoran : Other DDNS "Bugs":

DDNS Bugs.zip 44,696 bytes
DDNS Bugs
(DDNS Bugs.pdf)

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 25 Jan 2006 15:46:23 EDT

tdoran :

said by twojciac :

CSCeg41935 has been resolved and will be integrated into 12.4(6)T2, 12.4(6)3. Looks like end of Feb is a target for the 12.4(7) mainline code integration.

More complete description:

CSCeg41935 Bug Details

Headline DDNS - Question mark is not understood by parser
Product IOS
Feature OTHERS Components
Duplicate of
Severity 3
Status More
First Found-in Version 12.3(8)YA All affected versions
First Fixed-in Version 12.4(6.3), 12.4(6.2)T

Release Notes

Unable to configure Dynamic DNS IOS support with HTTP method if URL string
contains a question mark.

CLI understands the question mark as a request for context sensitive help.

Workaround: use %3F for '?', so you can enter it manually.

All affected versions
12.3(11)YS
12.3(11)YS1
12.3(14r)T
12.3(14r)T1
12.3(14)YT
12.3(14)YT1
12.3(4)XK4
12.3(4)XQ
12.3(4)XQ1
12.3(4)XK
12.3(4)XK1
12.3(4)XK2
12.3(4)XK3
12.3(7)XR4
12.3(7)XR5
12.3(7)XR6
12.3(7)XS
12.3(7)XS1
12.3(7)XS2
12.3(7)XR
12.3(7)XR1
12.3(7)XR2
12.3(7)XR3
12.3(8)XX2a
12.3(8)XX2b
12.3(8)XX2c
12.3(8)YA1
12.3(8)YA
12.3(8)XX
12.3(8)XX1
12.3(8)XX2
12.4(1)
12.4(1a)
12.4(1b)
12.4(1c)
12.4(1r)
12.4(2)MR1
12.4(2)XA
12.4(2)XA1
12.4(2)XB
12.4(2)T
12.4(2)T1
12.4(2)T2
12.4(2)MR
12.4(3)
12.4(3a)
12.4(3b)
12.4(4r)XD
12.4(4)T
12.4(4)T1
12.4(4)MR
12.4(5)
12.4(57)ARF
12.4(57)ARF2
12.4(57)COMP

More - Problem described in the bug report is fixed and tested in some but not all versions in which it is intended to be fixed. Placing a bug report into this state allows the fixed code to be integrated into some releases. The engineer moves the bug report into the Resolved state when the problem is fixed in all versions.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 25 Jan 2006 08:44:44 EDT

twojciac : CSCeg41935 has been resolved and will be integrated into 12.4(6)T2, 12.4(6)3. Looks like end of Feb is a target for the 12.4(7) mainline code integration.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 25 Jan 2006 08:25:52 EDT

Zolee : I noticed the same thing. I used a couple of different routers with the latest images but it sucks.

dyndns.org

1811W works the same way you router does
871 does not work at all, no DDNS updates on the website at all, under any circumstances
2801 same

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Mon, 07 Nov 2005 23:45:49 EDT

Innuendo : mthoward,
My mistake. I thought this was your own personal router. If it is owned by the company then it is legal.

Never mind. :)

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Mon, 07 Nov 2005 21:01:04 EDT

mthoward : The company does have coverage on it.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Mon, 07 Nov 2005 20:09:46 EDT

Innuendo : mthoward,
Oh, well, that explains it...no downloads allowed without a valid SmartNet contract.

I feel compelled to point out, though, that what you did was technically illegal. You're only allowed to download IOS images for hardware you don't have coverage on.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Mon, 07 Nov 2005 17:45:29 EDT

mthoward :

said by Innuendo :

I downloaded it right away and don't have any special credentials other than a SmartNet contract.

I had tried to download with my personal account ... no SmartNet contract ... still learning.

Using the company's login credentials (which have SmartNet) I was successfully able to download.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sun, 06 Nov 2005 23:50:00 EDT

Innuendo : mthoward,
Very odd...maybe you answered one of the export questions wrong. I downloaded it right away and don't have any special credentials other than a SmartNet contract.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sun, 06 Nov 2005 22:47:49 EDT

mthoward :

said by davelaw :

The fixed DDNS code for the 871 (and 831) should be posted in about a month

If I get a chance will post the bugid in next couple days

Q: Is there any mechanism whereby I could be a beta tester for that code?

Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sun, 06 Nov 2005 22:42:14 EDT

mthoward :

said by Innuendo :

mthoward,
I notice you are running an older IOS version. Have you tried the latest, 12.4.4T as well?

I tried downloading 12.4.4T last nite.

After filling out all the crypto/export forms it popped a http auth dialog box and would not let me access the file ... I guess I do not have enough credentials.

I was going to ask someone at my company to download it for me this week ... although I hate to be bugging them just to download firmware for me.

Given that twojciac says that Cisco is fixing these things as we speak, then perhaps I should wait.

Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sun, 06 Nov 2005 22:33:24 EDT

mthoward :

said by twojciac :

The Ctrl-V workaround will only work on your running config. The bug is that it doesn't get saved properly,

said by twojciac :

where a %3F would. It's being worked on right now...

Per my previous message, note that %3F does not work with DynDNS.org ... although it might work with some other http-based ddns services.

Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sun, 06 Nov 2005 18:32:40 EDT

Innuendo : mthoward,
I notice you are running an older IOS version. Have you tried the latest, 12.4.4T as well?

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 05 Nov 2005 23:39:54 EDT

strugs : I tftp'd my config to a PC, then added the line with the "?' in a text editor, the tftp'd it back to router.
Worked fine.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 05 Nov 2005 23:05:30 EDT

twojciac : The Ctrl-V workaround will only work on your running config. The bug is that it doesn't get saved properly, where a %3F would. It's being worked on right now...

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 05 Nov 2005 21:08:37 EDT

mthoward :

said by strugs :

Try setting your ddns on vlan1 instead of FastEthernet4.
Iv'e been using ddns on a Cisco 837, and now a Cisco 877, and haven't had any problems.

I do not understand ...

My Vlan1 is on FastEthernet1 ... which is on the inside ... and the IP addr is fixed.

So, I don't understand how/when that would update DynDNS.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 05 Nov 2005 21:05:03 EDT

mthoward :

said by twojciac :

BugID: CSCeg41935
Workaround: Use %3F in place of a ?
Hasn't been resolved yet...

I believe that Cisco may be mistaken.

I am not sure that RFC 1738 for URLs allows a hex-encoded value in this context ... question marks are special as part of search & form submissions.

Regardless, constructing the URL using %3F instead of ? does not work with DynDNS ... I tried it earlier and I just tested it again using:

»members.dyndns.org/nic/update%3F···=4.5.6.7

The workaround is that the CLI (at least under 12.4) does allow one to press Ctl-v ? in order to get around the CLI/? problem.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Sat, 05 Nov 2005 20:47:32 EDT

mthoward :

said by davelaw :

The fixed DDNS code for the 871 (and 831) should be posted in about a month

Very good ... thanks

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 20:54:58 EDT

twojciac : BugID: CSCeg41935
Workaround: Use %3F in place of a ?
Hasn't been resolved yet...

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 20:20:01 EDT

strugs : Try setting your ddns on vlan1 instead of FastEthernet4.
Iv'e been using ddns on a Cisco 837, and now a Cisco 877, and haven't had any problems.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 19:56:16 EDT

davelaw : The fixed DDNS code for the 871 (and 831) should be posted in about a month

If I get a chance will post the bugid in next couple days

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 19:26:18 EDT

mthoward : I have convinced myself that DynDNS update does not work properly on a Cisco 871 running Cisco IOS Software, C870 Software (C870-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(2)T2, )

After getting my question-mark problem resolved, I saw that the DynDNS updates were happening. If I set the interval maximum to every 2 minutes using interval maximum 0 0 2 0 I observed that it would make the http call to update the entry.

I decided to do further testing to confirm that the updates were happening at the right times.

What I observed is that the DynDNS entry will get updated only after the interval maximum has expired. That is, if the DHCP ip address changes on the interface, it does not update the dyndns entry.

To watch the packets on the wire I plugged into a 10Mbit hub and used a linux system running ethereal to capture all the activity with members.dyndns.org

The unit does not update DynDNS under any of the following events:
* power on the unit
* interface FastEthernet 4 -> shutdown/no shutdown
* release/renew dhcp FastEthernet 4
* unplug the WAN connection

With all these tests I made sure that the DHCP server actually changed the IP address. The changed IP address did not trigger a DynDNS update.

The update did happen after exactly n minutes plus a few seconds ... where n is the number that I plugged into my interval maximum command.

I ran tests at 1 minute, 3 minutes, and 10 minutes.

This leads me to believe that the DynDNS update mechanism is flawed. The recommended interval configuration is interval maximum 28 0 0 0 which causes an update every 28 days. This is because DynDNS will flush you after 28 days. But you cannot make needless frequent updates of a non-changing IP address or their system will cut you off.

So, it seems to me that the DynDNS update implementation is flawed and effectively unusable.

Please tell me if you see flaws in my tests or in my understanding ... or if you have recommendations for other things I should try.

Thanks,
Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 15:27:19 EDT

I_Route : That is correct. It will copy whatever is in the text file you tftp and it will NOT over-write the other portions of the config.

Perhaps you could come to our Boxborough facility for a tour one day. I travel allot but I am here occasionally......

Later,
Jeff
--
There are 10 types of people, those that understand binary, and those that don't.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 14:48:51 EDT

mthoward : That is what I was trying to do when I uncovered another problem.

I cannot tftp the full config because it croaks upon seeing the rsa certificate data.

Your message says that when I do a copy tftp: running-config then it does not need to be a full config ... I did not realize that ... I have ordered 3 Cisco books.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 14:40:25 EDT

I_Route : Oh, I thought you had the (?) in your config.

Do this:

1. Create a text file with the correct command line syntax for the four lines:

ip ddns update method DynDNS
 HTTP     
  add ht tp://usename:password@/nic/update?system=dyndns&hostname=YOURHOSTNAMEHERE&myip=
 interval maximum 10 0 0 0

2. Save the file as ddns.cfg or something you can remember

3. Place the file in your tftp root directory. (I use PumKin tftp server on my laptop. You can select where the files are served from)

4. On your router, copy from tftp to your running-config. Select your tftp server address and the file you created above. This will copy the entries from the text file to your running config and you will now have the (?) in the right place.

HTH

Later,
Jeff

--
There are 10 types of people, those that understand binary, and those that don't.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Fri, 04 Nov 2005 14:28:02 EDT
mthoward : Thank you for showing me how to enable debugging of ddns.

I found that I did not have the question marks (?) in my URLs.

I thought that I had checked that ... given the difficulty of entering question marks through the CLI (Ctl-V ?) ... but you can see in the listing above that they are not there updatesystem instead of update?system

My issues are getting slowly resolved ... but it is an arduous process.

Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 02 Nov 2005 21:30:17 EDT
I_Route : Enable ddns update debugging:

Router#debug ip ddns update

Then either watch the parser (if using console) or issue "term mon" from an SSH/telnet session and you will see the debugs.

ne difference I noticed was you do not have the host option under your FE4 interface:

ip ddns update DynDNS host members.dyndns.org

I also hard coded the hostname I used at DynDNS.com in to the update and did not use the "h" option.

HTH

Later,
Jeff
--
There are 10 types of people, those that understand binary, and those that don't.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 02 Nov 2005 16:02:53 EDT
Innuendo : mthoward,
I haven't actually set up any Dynamic DNS functionality yet. Every time I think I'm going to explore that avenue Real Life comes along and interferes.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 02 Nov 2005 14:17:52 EDT
mthoward : I_Route,

Separately, went into the CLI and blew away the config set up by SDM.

I then mimicked your config from above ... no joy.

I am not seeing any DYNDNS-related log entries in my log file.

I changed the max interval to once-per-minute ... no joy.

Cisco IOS Software, C870 Software (C870-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(2)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3)
...
ip host members.dyndns.org 63.208.196.95
...
ip ddns update method DynDNS
HTTP
add ht tp://UUUUU:XXXXX@members.dyndns.org/nic/updatesystem=dyndns&hostname=&myip=
remove ht tp://UUUUU:XXXXX@members.dyndns.org/nic/updatesystem=dyndns&hostname=&myip=
interval maximum 0 0 1 0
!
...
interface FastEthernet4
description $ES_WAN$$FW_OUTSIDE$$ETH-WAN$
ip ddns update hostname cisco871.dyndns.org
ip ddns update DynDNS
ip address dhcp client-id FastEthernet4
no ip redirects
no ip unreachables
no ip proxy-arp
ip nat outside
ip inspect DEFAULT100 out
ip virtual-reassembly
ip route-cache flow
duplex auto
speed auto
!
...

I am using
show logging
in order to view the log entries ...

Q: Is there another/better way to view the log entries?

Regardless, I am not seeing any entries related to ddns. If I temporarily unplug the ethernet cable for my FastEthernet4 (WAN) connection, then I see the line go down & back up, followed by DHCP assignment ... but nothing related to ddns

Thanks in advance,

Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 02 Nov 2005 14:05:36 EDT
mthoward : Innuendo,

I upgraded to SDM v2.2.

I added a dyndns method

I then went into
Configure -> Interfaces and Connections -> FastEthernet4 -> Connection -> Dynamic DNS Method and chose the method

Everything looked OK and made sense to me ... but nothing got updated. :-(

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 02 Nov 2005 06:28:41 EDT
I_Route : Under the interface you have to tell it to use the method "DynDNS", and the hostname to update.

I do not use this but got it working last night.
ip ddns update method DynDNS
HT TP
add ht tp: //usrnm|password@/nic/update?system=dyndns&hostname=jforhan-cisco.homeip.net&myip=
interval maximum 10 0 0 0

ip host members.dyndns.org 63.208.196.95

interface FastEthernet0/1
ip ddns update hostname jforhan-cisco.homeip.net
ip ddns update DynDNS host members.dyndns.org
ip address dhcp

The ip host entry populates the "s" in "less than and greater than signs" (POS posting software is code happy. Any way to turn this shit off? LOL) since I was getting DNS lookup timeout. Seems the code tries the update before the IP gets bound to the interface. I suppose you can not put a host entry and subsiquent resolutions would work fine.

I just hard coded the hostname since using DHCP will often change it and Adelphia uses the assigned address as part of the hostname, etc., etc.

The first update did not work however as it did not know where "members.dyndns.org" was. Also, it tries before the adress is actuall bound. Subsiquent updates worked fine.

I lowered the max interval from 28 days to just under the length of the DHCP lease I got from the ISP. In my case the lease is 12 hours. I set the interval to 10.

001018: Nov 2 06:19:56.823 EST: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by admin on vty0 (172.25.1.11)
C2651XM#
001019: Nov 2 06:23:48.708 EST: DYNDNSUPD: Adding DNS mapping for jforhan-cisco.homeip.net 68.232.199.168 server 63.208.196.95
001020: Nov 2 06:23:48.708 EST: HTTPDNS: Update add called for jforhan-cisco.homeip.net 68.232.199.168
001021: Nov 2 06:23:48.708 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: Session ID = 0x4F
001022: Nov 2 06:23:48.708 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: URL = '»username:password@63.208.196.95/···.199.168'
001023: Nov 2 06:23:48.708 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: Sending request
001024: Nov 2 06:23:48.800 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: Response for update jforhan-cisco.homeip.net 68.232.199.168

001025: Nov 2 06:23:48.800 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: DATA START

001026: Nov 2 06:23:48.800 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: DATA END, Status is Response data recieved, successfully
001027: Nov 2 06:23:48.800 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: Call returned SUCCESS for update jforhan-cisco.homeip.net 68.232.199.168
001028: Nov 2 06:23:48.804 EST: DYNDNSUPD: Another update completed (outstanding=0, total=0)
001029: Nov 2 06:23:48.804 EST: HTTPDNSUPD: Clearing all session 79 info

System image file is "flash:c2600-adventerprisek9-mz.124-4.9.T"

HTH

Later,
Jeff
--
There are 10 types of people, those that understand binary, and those that don't.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Wed, 02 Nov 2005 01:01:13 EDT
Innuendo : mthoward,
This is using SDM v2.2...

Click the Configure button in the toolbar along the top.

Click Additional Tasks along the left side.

Fifth item down in the list is Dynamic DNS Methods. Choose that and you can "Add" your Dynamic DNS information from there.

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Tue, 01 Nov 2005 22:05:16 EDT
mthoward : I have not found anything in SDM for managing ddns.

Therefore, I am using the CLI.

I have done some experiments trying to follow

»www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6···1ba.html

and

»www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6···p1109464

I put in the following commands:

ip ddns update method DynDNS
HTTP
add ht tp://myUsername:secret@members.dyndns.org/nic/update?system=dyndns&hostname=testmth&myip=
interval maximum 28 0 0 0
!

Note: I explicitly inserted a space in ht tp in this posting because the url-recognition code in the forum software was turning it into a URL. But this is not in my config.

My test entry at dyndns.org is not getting updated ...

Q: Do I need to explicitly put in something to kick-start the ddns updates?

I am not comfortable with the designation that the examples use. It is supposed to substitute in an address, but ...

Q: Where is the assocation that identifies which interface should be used for the dyndns update?

They identify a maximum interval, but it is not clear to me how frequently they are going to update. The dyndns folks do not want people updating entries unless the IP addr has changed. Therefore, it seems to me that there should be a query URL in addition to an update URL. I am somewhat concerned that the Cisco will update unnecessarily ... and cause me headaches.

Thanks for your help.

Miguel

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Tue, 01 Nov 2005 21:17:40 EDT
Innuendo : mthoward,
Are you using the CLI or SDM?

Re: [Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Tue, 01 Nov 2005 20:15:53 EDT
BRABUS : mthoward,

Don't worry, you are not alone :)

I have the same problem.

[Config] DynDNS.org on Cisco 871

Tue, 01 Nov 2005 17:39:44 EDT
mthoward : I am trying to configure a Cisco 871 to perform updates at DynDNS.org when the WAN IP addr changes (via DHCP).

I am struggling (and drowning) with the Cisco documents.

Q: Does anyone have any experience setting up dyndns.org updates using Cisco IOS 12.3 or 12.4?

Thanks,
Miguel