I have a question for those in the know here. I see a new menu on the web interface after firmware upgrade. Does anyone know what these mean by chance? (See image attached.)
These are the various protocols that typically need special intervention to work behind a gateway. For example, FTP sends out the IP address of your computer so the remote computer can connect back to you. But behind a gateway, your PC ends up sending its private IP, which does the remote machine no good. The router has special handling that re-writes the request with your public IP instead, and makes note of which computer should receive the request when it comes in.
While these things are supposed to help, sometimes they interfere or have bugs. Most VOIP services, for example, recommend disabling SIP ALG. So it's good to have the option to disable them.