said by Kearnstd:you would think they would have set something so that to encode a new key you would have to enter a PIN on the radio buttons or something. That way even with access to the car itself and the ODB port it would still be impossible to encode a key without authorization.
A friend that's a Volvo tech was telling me about the keyless fob programming process. Apparently you need the existing key to determine some kind of number, program that into the computer, connect the computer to the ECM, and set the new key to register with the vehicle. There is lots of room for minor errors, like changing the HUD language.