said by JohnInSJ Large buffers provide performance advantages to 99.999% of all home broadband users. The ones saturating their uplinks should know how to fix it.
Need to know how I greatly increased my Internet service responsiveness by simply preventing my SB6141 cable modem from having its internal buffer filled!
OP, I discovered and corrected the same issue you describe. However the fix was specific to the configuration of our CMTS.
Note: I'm not a Comcast employee nor was this on Comcast's network.
To recap, we could max out the upstream qos of a DOCSIS 2.0 modem without affecting the network from surfing web pages, albeit more slowly than normal. However once we did the same test, with same qos, but on a D3.0 modem network connectivity was pretty much nonexistent. Same as you described.
We have a single Cisco UBR 10K driving our DOCSIS plant. The fix was related to rate-adapt and rate-limit config options we had set on our cable interfaces.
I'm not saying that the buffer bloat algorithm wouldn't improve performance, but it's likely not the cause of the issue you're seeing.